Park Güell 桂尔公园

桂尔公园（加泰罗尼亚语：Park Güell）位于加泰罗尼亚巴塞罗那格拉西亚区（Gràcia）的厄尔卡梅尔（El Carmel）山上，由加泰罗尼亚建筑师安东尼·高迪设计，建于1900年到1914年。作为安东尼·高迪作品的一部分，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。

历史
此公园原本是一个在商业上并不成功的住宅区，开发者桂尔伯爵受到英国的花园城市运动的影响，选择这个只有少许植被的荒山（Muntanya Pelada），其用意是利用新鲜空气（远离排放黑烟的工厂）和视线所及的美丽景色，有60个三角形地块可供建造住宅。但是最终只建成了两座房子，其中一座原定作为样板房，但在1904年完成后出售，由于没有买家，高迪听从桂尔的建议，用自己的储蓄买下，1906年全家入住。[1] 高迪从1906年到1926年住在这里，由Francesc Berenguer建于1904年。这是高迪及其合作者的原创作品。自1963年以来是高迪住宅博物馆（Casa Museu Gaudí）。1969年，它被宣布为国家财产的历史艺术纪念碑。

The Park Güell is a public park system composed of gardens and architectonic elements located on Carmel Hill, in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Carmel Hill belongs to the mountain range of Collserola – the Parc del Carmel is located on the northern face. Park Güell is located in La Salut, a neighborhood in the Gràcia district of Barcelona. With urbanization in mind, Eusebi Güell assigned the design of the park to Antoni Gaudí, a renowned architect and the face of Catalan modernism.

The park was built from 1900 to 1914 and was officially opened as a public park in 1926. In 1984, UNESCO declared the park a World Heritage Site under "Works of Antoni Gaudí".

Park Güell is the reflection of Gaudí's artistic plenitude, which belongs to his naturalist phase (first decade of the 20th century). During this period, the architect perfected his personal style through inspiration from organic shapes. He put into practice a series of new structural solutions rooted in the analysis of geometry. To that, the Catalan artist adds creative liberty and an imaginative, ornamental creation. Starting from a sort of baroquism, his works acquire a structural richness of forms and volumes, free of the rational rigidity or any sort of classic premises. In the design of Park Güell, Gaudí unleashed all his architectonic genius and put to practice much of his innovative structural solutions that would become the symbol of his organic style and that would culminate in the creation of the Basilica and Expiatory Church of the Holy Family (Catalan: Sagrada Familia).

Güell and Gaudí conceived this park, situated within a natural park. They imagined an organized grouping of high-quality homes, decked out with all the latest technological advancements to ensure maximum comfort, finished off with an artistic touch. They also envisioned a community strongly influenced by symbolism, since, in the common elements of the park, they were trying to synthesize many of the political and religious ideals shared by patron and architect: therefore there are noticeable concepts originating from political Catalanism – especially in the entrance stairway where the Catalan countries are represented – and from Catholicism – the Monumento al Calvario, originally designed to be a chapel. The mythological elements are so important: apparently Güell and Gaudí's conception of the park was also inspired by the Temple of Apollo of Delphi.